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Facial abnormalities associated with fetal alcohol syndrome and alcohol-related birth defects. Image Source: https://sites.duke.edu/apep/module-5-alcohol-and-babies/content-what-are-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorders/

  • The unfavorable effects of alcohol consumption during pregnancy have long been known.
  • A formal description and clinical diagnosis of these effects was in 1973.
  • The distinction of the wide range of effects that can be caused by prenatal alcohol exposure and the terminology to describe these effects has continued to change.
  • Much progress has been made in understanding the consequences of alcohol exposure during pregnancy.
  • However, challenges still remain in properly identifying all affected individuals as well as their individual patterns of deficiency induced by alcohol.
  • The number of pregnant women who drink alcohol continues to increase.
  • Alcohol-consumption prevention efforts still require further improvement to amplify their effectiveness.
  • The mechanisms underlying damage induced by alcohol have not yet been fully explained.
  • Knowledge of the mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced deficiency continues to grow.
  • The possibility of minimizing potential harm by intervening during prenatal alcohol exposure is enhanced.
  • Researchers are exploring additional ways to improve or fully restore behavioral and cognitive functions disrupted by prenatal alcohol exposure.
  • The exploration for improvements/restorations includes treating the individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders to reduce the heavy burden for affected individuals and their families.

Sources:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3756137/

https://sites.duke.edu/apep/module-5-alcohol-and-babies/content-what-are-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorders/

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