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- The knowledge on the relationship between antigen-specific immune responses and COVID-19 disease severity is limited.
- Researchers examined all three branches of adaptive immunity at the level of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell and neutralizing antibody responses in acute and recovering subjects.
- Adaptive immunity usually occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination.
- SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were each correlated with milder disease.
- Coordinated SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immune responses were associated with milder disease.
- The coordinated adaptive responses suggest roles for both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in protective immunity in COVID-19.
- Particularly, coordination of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific responses was interrupted in individuals greater than 64 years old.
- Naive T cell low count was also associated with aging and poor disease outcomes.
- A simplest explanation is that coordinated CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, and antibody responses are protective.
- Uncoordinated responses often fail to control disease with a correlation between aging and impaired adaptive immune responses to COVID-19 virus.
Sources:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.038
https://opentextbc.ca/biology/chapter/23-2-adaptive-immune-response/
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