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• COVID-19 viral infection is typically very mild and often does not show symptoms in children.

• If complication develops in children associated with COVID-19, it may be the rare multisystem inflammatory syndrome.

• Multisystem inflammatory syndrome is a condition where different body parts can become inflamed, including the heart, lungs, kidneys, brain, skin, eyes, or gastrointestinal organs.

• The multisystem inflammatory syndrome may occur 4 to 6 weeks after infection.

• Multisystem inflammatory syndrome symptoms include high fever, organ dysfunction, and strongly elevated markers of inflammation.

• The mechanism of the disease development is unclear but has similar features with Kawasaki disease and a likely cause of autoimmune disease.

• Kawasaki disease causes inflammation in the walls of medium-sized arteries throughout the body, usually the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle.

• The study applies analyses of blood immune cells, cytokines, and autoantibodies in healthy children, children with Kawasaki disease enrolled prior to COVID-19, children infected with COVID-19 virus, and children presenting with multisystem inflammatory syndrome.

• Researchers found that the inflammatory response in multisystem inflammatory syndrome differs from the cytokine storm of severe acute COVID-19.

• Multisystem inflammatory syndrome shares several features with Kawasaki disease, but differs from this condition with respect to T cell subsets, interleukin (IL)-17A, and biomarkers associated with arterial damage.

• Finally, autoantibody profiling suggests multiple autoantibodies that could be involved in the development of multisystem inflammatory syndrome.

Sources:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.016

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/children/mis-c.html

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kawasaki-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20354598

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Keywords: complications of COVID-19 in children, COVID-19 complications, what are the complications of COVID-19 in children, what is MIS-C, COVID-19 in children